Efficacy of Nebulized Ipratropium Bromide Versus Salbutamol in Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis

Background:Bronchiolitis, a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants, is
primarily caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Management
typically includes supportive care with oxygen therapy, hydration, and
sometimes bronchodilators. However, the efficacy of bronchodilators
remains debated.

Objective:The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of nebulized ipratropium
bromide and salbutamol in treating acute bronchiolitis in infants.

Methods:An open-label, cross-sectional study was conducted at Chittagong
Medical College Hospital from October 2008 to September 2009.
Infants aged 2-12 months, presenting with their first episode of
respiratory distress and clinical signs of viral respiratory illness
(temperature ≥38°C and/or coryza), were included. The two groups
(salbutamol and ipratropium bromide) were assessed at baseline and at
12, 24, 36, and 48 hours using the Modified Respiratory Distress
Assessment Instrument (MRDAI) score. Clinical outcomes, including
changes in MRDAI scores,drug side effects, and hospital length of stay
(LOS), were recorded

Results:
The study found no significant differences in MRDAI scores, LOS, or
adverse effects between the two groups. Both salbutamol and
ipratropium bromide were effective in relieving symptoms of acute
bronchiolitis

Conclusion:Nebulized salbutamol and ipratropium bromide are equally effective in
managing acute bronchiolitis in infants.