Association of Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) with Maternal and Perinatal Complications in Premature Rupture of Membranes

Background:
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term complicates 8–10% of
pregnancies and increases the risk of maternal and perinatal
complications. Amniotic fluid index (AFI), a key indicator of fetal
well-being, may influence delivery outcomes in PROM cases.
Objective:
The study evaluated the association between AFI levels and
maternal-neonatal complications in term PROM patients.
Methods:
The prospective observational study included 126 pregnant women
with the term PROM, grouped into two categories based on AFI values:
Group A (AFI >5cm, n=76) and Group B (AFI <5cm, n=50). Latency
period, mode of onset of labour, type of delivery, and maternal and
neonatal complications were followed up in the participants.
Results:
Both groups had comparable demographic characteristics and latency
duration. Group B (AFI <5cm) exhibited a significantly greater rate of
labour induction (80% vs 52.6%, p=0.001) and caesarian section (86%
vs 50%, p=0.002). Maternal and neonatal complications occurred
significantly more often in Group B (62% vs 7.9%, p<0.001) and (62%
vs 0.03%, p<0.001) respectively.
Conclusion:
In PROM patients, oligohydramnios (AFI <5cm) is significantly
associated with augmented labour induction, caesarian delivery, and
maternal and neonatal complications