Polytrauma in Emergency Settings: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Skeletal and Neurological Stabilization

Introduction:
Polytrauma is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality globally,
particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Objective:
This study evaluated the epidemiological trends, injury profiles, and
outcomes of polytrauma patients in an emergency setting in
Bangladesh, with a focus on skeletal and neurological stabilization and
the role of multidisciplinary care.
Methods:
A 12-month prospective observational study was conducted at the
National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation,
Dhaka, on 120 adult polytrauma patients (≥18 years) presenting within
6 hours of injury. Data collected included demographics, injury types,
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), interventions, ICU admissions, and
functional outcomes via Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Cox
proportional hazards modeling was applied to identify predictors of
recovery.
Results:
The mean age was 38.2±14.6 years; 65% were male. Road traffic
accidents accounted for 60% of injuries. Long bone fractures (51.7%)
and TBIs (46.7%) were most frequent. External fixation was the most
common intervention (35%). Multidisciplinary management was
provided in 63.3% of cases and significantly improved outcomes
(p<0.001). Mortality was 11.7%; 48.3% achieved good recovery (GOS
5). Cox analysis showed better outcomes with multidisciplinary care
(HR=1.68, p=0.009), higher GCS, and younger age.
Conclusion:
Multidisciplinary trauma care is vital for improving functional outcomes
in polytrauma. Early stabilization and collaborative interventions should
be prioritized in resource-limited emergency settings.