Bone Mineral Density Evaluation of Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction:
Osteoporosis, marked by reduced bone mass and increased fracture
risk, is common in postmenopausal women due to estrogen deficiency.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus may further compromise bone health.
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate bone mineral density in postmenopausal
women with T2DM to assess their risk of osteoporosis.
Methods:
This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Medicine
Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital
during the study period. A total of 120 cases were included in this study
according to the selection criteria. Data were processed and analyzed
by SPSS 22.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
Mean age of the patients was 65.83±8.75 years and 62.17±7.67 years in
diabetic and non-diabetic post-menopausal patients. Mean duration of
DM was 10.53±5.09 years, and mean duration since menopause was
19.70±7.82 years. Osteoporosis was 38(63.3%) and osteopenia was
20(33.3%) in the diabetic group, and osteoporosis was 24(40.0%) and
osteopenia was 31(51.7%) in the non-diabetic group.
Conclusion:
Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibited
significantly reduced bone mineral density and a higher prevalence of
osteoporosis compared to their healthy counterparts, highlighting the
need for early screening and proactive management to mitigate fracture
risk.